Skip to main content

How data hiding is accomplished?

 Data hiding is accomplished in object-oriented programming (OOP) through the use of access specifiers, which determine the visibility and accessibility of class members. In C++, access specifiers are implemented using the keywords "public," "private," and "protected."

"Public" members are accessible by any code that has a reference to the object. These members can be accessed from outside the class, and they define the interface through which the object can be manipulated.

"Private" members are accessible only by the class itself and its friend functions. These members cannot be accessed from outside the class and are hidden from the user.

"Protected" members are accessible by the class and its derived classes. These members cannot be accessed from outside the class hierarchy and are used to implement inheritance.

By using the "private" access specifier, the data is effectively hidden from the user, making it inaccessible to the outside world. This means that any data contained within the class cannot be accessed, modified or deleted directly by code outside of the class. Instead, it can only be accessed through public member functions that have been specifically designed to allow users to interact with the data in a safe and controlled way.

The ability to hide data in this way provides a number of benefits, including increased security, more efficient code, and easier maintenance. It also allows programmers to make changes to the internal workings of the class without affecting the rest of the program, making it easier to modify and extend the code over time.




Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

If you have any doubts, please let me know

Popular posts from this blog

Write a program using the algorithm count() to count how many elements in a container have a specified value.

 Here's an example program using the count() algorithm to count the number of occurrences of a specific value in a vector container: #include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <algorithm> using namespace std; int main() {     vector<int> numbers = { 2, 5, 3, 7, 8, 5, 1, 5, 4 };          // count the number of occurrences of the value 5 in the vector     int count = count(numbers.begin(), numbers.end(), 5);          cout << "The number of occurrences of 5 in the vector is: " << count << endl;          return 0; } Output: The number of occurrences of 5 in the vector is: 3 Explanation: The program starts by creating a vector named numbers that contains several integer values. The count() algorithm is used to count the number of occurrences of the value 5 in the numbers vector. The function takes three arguments: the beginning and end iterators of...
Post a Comment
Read more

write a program in C++ to overload '-' operator to find difference of two complex object.

write a program to overload '-' operator to find difference of two complex object /* program in C++ to overload '-' operator to find difference of two complex object */ #include<iostream> using namespace std; class Complex{     public:     float a, b;     complex(): a(0), b(0) {}     complex(float x, float y): a(x), b(y){}     void display(){          cout<<this->a<<"+"<<this->b<<"i"<<endl;     }     friend Complex operator-(const Complex&, const Complex&); }; complex operator-(const Complex& com, const Complex& comp){     float x= com.a - comp.a;     foat y= com.b - comp.b;     return Complex(x,y); } int main(){     Complex a(1,7), b(6,9);     cout<<"A = ";a.display();      cout<<"B = ";b.display();      cout<<"A - B = ";(a-b).display(); ...
Post a Comment
Read more

what is static data member and static member function? how can we overload a function?

what is static data member and static member function? how can we overload a function? A static data member in C++ is a class variable that is shared among all objects of a class and is defined using the 'static' keyword. It has a single instance for the entire class, and its value is shared by all objects of that class. Unlike non-static class members, a static data member can be accessed without creating an instance of the class. A static member function in C++ is a member function of a class that can be called without creating an instance of the class. Like static data members, a static member function operates on the class as a whole rather than on individual objects. A static member function can only access static data members on other static member functions of the same class. To overload a function in C++, you create multiple functions with the same name but different parameter lists. The correct function to call is determined at compile-time based on the number and type...
Post a Comment
Read more