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String and StringBuffer are two important classes in Java that are used to manipulate string data. Here are the differences between the two: Immutability: String objects are immutable, meaning that once a String object is created, its value cannot be changed. Any operations that modify a String object actually create a new String object. StringBuffer objects, on the other hand, are mutable, meaning that you can modify their value without creating a new object. Thread safety: String objects are thread-safe, meaning that they can be safely shared across multiple threads. StringBuffer objects are also thread-safe, but they are synchronized, meaning that their use in multi-threaded applications can result in a performance overhead. Performance: When it comes to performance, String objects are faster when used for simple concatenation or comparison operations. However, when you need to perform a large number of modifications on a string, StringBuffer objects can be much faster. Exception ha...